中国血液流变学杂志

目的分析哮喘患儿屋尘螨特异性免疫治疗过程中的不良反应,了解其安全性。方法对临床诊断哮喘的81例患儿,应用标准化屋尘螨提取液皮下注射进行特异性免疫治疗。观察每次注射后速发和迟发不良反应发生情况,同时在每次注射前和注射30min后测定肺功能。结果81例患儿免疫注射1,897人次,共有42例(51.9%)患儿发生速发不良反应172例次(9.07%),其中轻度局部反应130例次(75.6%),中度局部反应2例次,全身不良反应40例次(23.3%),39例次为轻度哮喘,1例次为3级非致命性全身反应。20例(24.7%)患儿发生迟发不良反应165例次(8.70%),其中30例次为轻度全身反应(18.18%),余为轻度局部反应。结论随着注射剂量在增加,速发不良反应及迟发不良反应有显著增加的趋势,但绝大多数局部不良反应和全身不良反应为轻度,患儿对标准化屋尘螨提取液特异性免疫治疗耐受性良好。

Objective To evaluate the safety of specific immunotherapy(SIT) with standardized house dust mite(HDM) vaccine on allergic asthmatic children.Methods 81 patients with mild to moderate asthma who were allergic to HDM received SIT with a standardized house-dust mite extract(Alutard SQ,ALK-Abello,Denmark).The immediate and late side-effects after each allergen injection were monitored.PEF test was done before and 30 minutes after each injection for every patient.Results All patients completed a total of 1,897 injections.172 injections caused immediate side-effects within 30 minutes after injection in 42 patiens,in which 130 side-effects were mild local reactions and 40 side-effects(23.3%)were sysmetic reaction in 14 patients,in which 39 mild asthma occured.One injections caused severe(non-life-threatening)systemic reactions:symptoms rapid onset(5min after injection) of generalized urticaria,itching,flushing,severe asthma.20 patiens reported 165 late side-effects 30 minutes after injection,30 late side effects were mild systemic reactions,all those systemic reactions responded well to ordinary treatment.Conclusion SIT with standardized HDM vaccine was a safe treatment in asthmatic children.A majority of local reactions and all systemic reactions are mild and respond well to ordinary treatment and personal adjustment of dose-increase schedule.